CASE FOR A PROBABLISTIC APPROACH TO NATURAL DISASTER EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL HAZARDS IN PUERTO RICO IN THE 21ST CENTRUY A LITERATURE REVIEW
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This 15-page paper outlines a review of literature in support of an approach for emergency preparedness of Puerto Rico when it comes to natural disasters. The paper also includes natural disaster that occur in Puerto Rico, as well as some recommendations to help spur an emergency management program. Bibliography lists 12 sources.
Filename: MTpremer.rtf

Comparing the Development of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Dominican Republic:
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This 4 page report discusses the ways in which the countries (and territory) of Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico have developed in the past few decades. Each has seen a remarkable shift in its economic, political, and social base. Each of the three governments has dealt with issues in the past decade that it would have never considered possible only a few decades earlier. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BWcubapr.wps

Cuba & Sugar (1900-1915)
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A 3 page paper discussing the various conditions which were a result of the United States' involvement in the production of sugar within Cuba from 1900 to 1915. Cuba had been involved in the production of sugar for many years prior to 1900. The involvement of the United States in the early part of the century changed the way the sugar industry was run to a very large extent. While this was harmful in some ways, in others it was beneficial to the country that was in a state of upheaval at the time. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: Cubasug.wps

Documentary on Latino Family in NYC
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A 3 page essay that analyzes Nuyorican Dreams, a 1999 documentary directed by Laurie Collyer, which focuses on the family of Marta Torres, an immigrant from Puerto Rico who came to New York in search of the American Dream and a better life for herself and her family, but instead found an American "nightmare" (Bell-Russel, 2000). The term "Nuyorican," according to Torres refers to someone who is of Puerto Rican extraction but who knows nothing of their Puerto Rican heritage or culture. As such, the documentary pictures this population as a people adrift --stigmatized within the US by white mainstream culture, yet not able to fall back on a sense of belonging to Puerto Rican culture because these cultural values and perspectives have not been transmitted successfully to the next generation due to environmental influences. This situation has huge implications from a health perspective, and the documentary explores the drug-related problems of Torres' grown children. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: khnuyor.rtf

Edward Rivera's "Family Installments" – Treating Puerto Ricans Racially Instead Of Culturally
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9 pages in length. Family Installments is often seen as humorous and lighthearted in the way in which its author, Edward Rivera, approaches his otherwise painful subject matter. There is however, another side of his work that exerts itself just as defiantly: dealing with racial and cultural conflict between human beings. No additional sources cited.
Filename: TLCRivra.rtf

Effects of Breast Cancer on Women
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A 7 page paper which examines the physical and psychological effects of breast cancer on women. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TGbreast.wps

ESL in Puerto Rico & Spain
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A 11 page research paper that focuses on why Puerto Rican ESL instruction has not succeeded, comparing it with Spain. This research investigates the question of why students in one Spanish-speaking country, i.e., Spain, learn English readily and why another Spanish-speaking culture, i.e., Puerto Rico, finds this task problematic and controversial. The writer also looks briefly at ESL methodology in both countries. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: kheslpr.rtf

Essays on Puerto Rican History / 18th - 20th Century
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11 pages worth of well-developed essays concerning : Puerto Rico's role in the Caribbean (also its similarities & differences to other regional countries), the economic importance of coffee during the 18th century, sugar & slave labor in the 19th century, the impact of becoming a U.S. territory, trade after WW I, the Chardon Plan, the P.R.R.A., and more. Bibliography lists 4 scholarly sources.
Filename: Puertori.wps

Hispanic Groups in the U.S.
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This 6 page paper considers four groups of Hispanics living in the U.S.: Mexican-Americans, Cuban-Americans, Puerto Ricans and Latinos and aspects of each culture. Bibliography lists 9 source.
Filename: HVHisGrp.rtf

Industrialization and Puerto Rico
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A 7 page research paper in which the writer provides a factual account of the industrialization of Puerto Rico and its affects on lifestyle, food availability, economics and politics. This paper focus on the current status of Puerto Rico as a developing nation and reflects on Puerto Rico's conflict over its desire for independent nation-statehood. Bibliography lists 10+ sources.
Filename: Indpuert.wps

Latino Groups in the United States
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This 3 page paper discusses the Cubans, Mexicans and Puerto Ricans in the U.S. with regard to their society, politics, economic standing, religion and familial standing. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: HVLatGrp.rtf

Memoirs of Bernardo Vega
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A 6 page analysis of "Memoirs of Bernardo Vega: A contribution to the history of the Puerto Rican Community in New York." This work offers a comprehensive overview of Puerto Rican experience in New York City. The writer specifically addresses issues having to do with racism and prejudice. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99vega.wps

Negative Aspects of Teaching English as a Second Language in Puerto Rico
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This 11 page paper discusses the difficulties in teaching English in Puerto Rico. It includes both historical and educational information. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: HVEngPuR.rtf

Negron-Muntaner/Barbie's Hair
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A 3 page paper that discusses this essay. A doll seems like an unlikely candidate for controversy. Yet, yet Frances Negron-Muntaner, in her essay "Barbie's Hair," describes how controversy immediately arose when the Mattel Toy Company released a Puerto Rican version of their famous Barbie doll in 1997. Communities, both in Puerto Rico and the mainland US, associated the doll with cultural connotations that involved "Puerto Rican identity" (Negron-Muntaner 39). The author of this provocative essay makes a number of pertinent points about this version of Barbie within the context of popular culture, however, two of the most intriguing points made in the essay are the significance that was attached to the meaning of the doll's hair and how this related to Puerto Rican identity and also how the doll represented a political position in terms of Puerto Rico's place on the world stage. No additional sources cited.
Filename: khngbsh.rtf